Publications

First of all, the members of the Editorial Sub-Committee will like to thank the National Governing council of NIFST for them the opportunity to serve the institute in this capacity. The task was not an easy one but we are very pleased that we are able to meet the challenges that we encountered. Over two hundred extended abstracts were received from members and others from relevant disciplines. The committee was very delighted with the quality of submission in many cases with very few exceptions where considered editorial effort had to be involved to make such papers acceptable for the publication, which of course was reason for establishing the editorial sub-committee. T he papers that were not in conformity with the style required for extended abstracts were rejected; however those who submitted such papers in good time were advised to make corrections to enable the committee includes those articles in the proceedings. On the other hand, those that were submitted late and did not meet the required standard were rejected. The Committee observed with dismay that most of the articles were submitted very close to the submission deadline, which made the task of reviewing the articles extremely very difficult. We hope that in future sufficient time will be given for submissions of articles so that the editorial sub-committee will have sufficient time for dealing with editorial queries and then letting the authors make necessary adjustment in good time. Please note that papers entered as miscellaneous were those that were either received late or could not be placed in the appropriate section during the final editing work. The Editorial Sub-Committee wishes all participants to the NIFST, Yola 2009 Annual conference and General Meeting exciting stay in Yola, Adamawa State (The Sunshine and Land of Beauty State).

Best wishes to you all

Professor Iro Nkama

Chairman

Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference/General Meeting 2009

BY: NIFST

NIGERIAN INSTITUTE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference/General Meeting

Theme: FOOD PROCESSING IN THE SEMI-ARID REGIONS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

12TH-16TH October, 2009

VENUE: Banquet Hall, Government House, Yola

Chairman, Editorial sub committee

Iron Nkama

TRUSTEES

Dr. (Chief) I.A. Akinrele FAS.FNIFST

Oloye (Mrs.) V. Iyabode Ladipo

Vice Admiral Murtala Nyako (Rtd.)

National Officers

National President Prof. I. A. Adeyemi, FNIFST

1st Vice President Dr J. O. Onuora, FNIFST

2nd Vice President Prof. L. O. Sanni, FNIFST

National Secretary Dr G. I. Okafor, MNIFST

National Assistance Secretary Mr. A. A. Olapade, MNIFST

National Publicity Secretary Mr. J. U. Mordi, MNIFST

National Treasurer: Dr (Mrs.) E. N. Dike, FNIFST

Editor-in- Chief Prof. M. O. Iwe, FNIFST

Ex-Officio Member Mr. O. A. Olusanya, FNIFST

Ex-Officio Member Dr. C. M. Osuji, FNIFST

Chairman, NIFST Foundation Mrs. O.A. Adesokan, FNIFST

Local Organizing Committee, Yola 2009

Dr. K .B. Filli Chairman, LOC

Mrs. S. Onyemachi Secretary

Mrs. Habiba Haziel Treasurer

Prof. (Mrs.) M. Oyawoye Member

Dr M. H. Badau Member

Mr. Ibok U. Ibok Member

Prof. Iro Nkama Member

Mr. B. F. Wilcox Member

Mal. S.Y. Bagerie Member

Mal. H.M. Aliyu Member

Mal.Abdurahamam Aliyu Member

Editorial Sub-Committee

Prof. Iro Nkama Chairman

Mr. Paul Idakwo Secretary

Prof. C.A. Negbenebor Member

Dr. U. Abubakar Member

Mal. S. Y. Bagerie Member

Dr (Mrs.) E. C. Chibuz Member

Publicity Sub-Committee

Mr. B. F. Wilcox Chairman

Musa Halilu Secretary

Mr. Ernest Igwe Member

Fund Raising Sub-Committee

Mal. H.M. Aliyu Chairman

Habila Haziel Secretary

Mal. Zira L Vincent Member

Mrs. Joy Lesanmi Member

Zonal Committee Members

Dr. J.Ayo Bauchi

Dr (Mrs.) F. Tahir Bauchi

Prof. E. B. Agbo Bauchi

Mr. H. Agu Bauchi

Mrs. Afodia Kassum Borno

Ustaz A Jato Borno

Mrs. Maigari Adamawa

Mr. S. Iya Adamawa

Mr. S. Matshigra Adamawa

Mal. A. Usman Adamawa

Mr. A. Aliyu Taraba

Mr. K. R. Beko Taraba

Mrs. E. Biinga Taraba

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NIGERIA INSTITUTE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 33RD ANNUAL CONFERENCE AND GENERAL MEETING

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER1: ANNUAL PRODUCTS AND FLESH FOODS ........................................................1

Production and consumption of kilish (spiced sun-dried Meat): A case study of Bauchi Metropolis

Ayo J. A, Uhaira N, Onuorah C.E and Samaila S. ........................................................2

Effect of fat supplement on performance of growing snail

Mayaki, O.M., Kosoko, S.B., Faremi, T.Y. Oluwole, O.B. Omosebi, B.O and Adeyoju, A. ........................................................4

Sensory Evaluation of meat from domesticated snail

Mayaki, O.M., Oluwole, O.B., Ozumba, A.U., Faremi, T.Y. and Okafor, J. N.C. ........................................................ 6

Changes in protein fraction of raw beef during aging and their relationship to technological quality of raw beef

Okonkwo, T.M. Aleke, N.S., Okeke.N.C.W and Omego. C.M........................................................8

Kosoko, S.B Oluwole, O.B Faremi, O.Y. Daramola, A.O., Ozumba, A.U., Elemo, G.N., Mayaki

O.M., Owolabi, S.O., Yeside, Y.C and Olatunji, O. ........................................................10

Analysis of the protein composition and the caloric yield of three commercially important freshwater species from Zaria

Abolude, D.S., Abdulahi, S.A and Davies, A.O ........................................................ 12

Effect of sodium citrate and piper guineense (black pepper) dip on quality of smoked-dried beef

Negbenebor, C.A. And Musa, Z ........................................................14

Effect of oven drying on the functional properties and chemical composition of egg components

Ndife, J. and Olorunoje, F. ........................................................16

Effect of grass-meat inclusion on the growth performance of grass cutter (Thyonomys swinderrianus)

Kosoko,S.B Oluwole, O.B Faremi, O.Y. Daramola,A.O Elemo., G.N. Ozumba,A.U., Mayaki O.M., Owolabi,S.O. and Olaokun,O.O. ........................................................ 18

Estimation of the protein quality of three fresh water fish species using chemical indices

Abdulahi, S.A and Suleiman, B........................................................20

Effectiveness of salt and vegetable oil in the control of Dermestes maculates infesting dried fish in storage

Idakwo, P.Y and Fatimo, M.G........................................................22

CHAPTER 2: CEREALS, COMPOSITE FLOUR AND BAKED PRODUCTS.

Extent of gelatinization of starch in Nigerian breads

Okeke, J.O and Onwura, C.O ........................................................ 25

Studies on the fortification of fufu with soy protein isolate: Effect on the pasting characteristics of protein isolate fufu

Adebowale, O.J and Akoja, S.S ........................................................27

Production of rice malt from rice paddy (oryza sativa)

Lawal, A.K., Olatope, S.O., Kayode, O.F., Alebiosu, F. and Dike, E.N ........................................................29

Protein quality evaluation of porridge-type sorghum bicolor and treculia Africana based breakfast Products

Onweluzo. J.C. and Okejah, A.C ........................................................31

Chemical and sensory characteristics of instant soy-potato beverage powder

Akubor, P.I. ........................................................33

Development of breakfast meal using wheat cassava blend

Noah, A.A and Salami H.A. ........................................................35

Influence of wheat-fluted pumpkin composite cakes on plasma lipids

Umelo, M.C. and Onyeka, E.U. ........................................................37

Quality evaluation of low glycemic malt flavored drink from banana (Musa sapientum) fig

Umelo, M.C. and Onyeka, E.U. ........................................................ 39

Rate of water absorption in maize grain during soaking

Eneche, H.E. ........................................................41

Shelf-life extension of fura using local species

Onwura, C.O and Okeke, J.O. ........................................................43

Physicochemical properties of wheat bread supplemented with pineapple

Chinma, C.E., Lasekan, O.O and Ossai, B. ........................................................45

Functional properties of raw material and steamed acha flour (Digitaria exillis)

Elegbede, A.O Akinlotan, J.V., Odunmbaku, L.A. and Bello, T.K ........................................................ 47

Proximate composition and energy values of instant kunu-zaki flour blends: A non-alcoholic fermented sorghum beverage supplemented with mango mesocarp flour

Sengev. I.A., Akpapunam, M.A and Ingbian, E.K. ........................................................49

Effect of traditional processing methods on the functional properties of a maize and soybeans based complementary

Ezeocha, V.C and Onwuka, G.I........................................................ 51

Production of biscuit from wheat and pawpaw flour blend

Egwujeh, S.I.D., Amanabo, L.O and Yusuf, P.A. ........................................................ 53

Amylase enzyme activity during malting of rice paddy (oryza sativa)

Lawal, A.K., Olatope, O.F. Ajebiosu, F.A. and Dike, E.N. ........................................................ 55

Effect of lime soaking and cooking (nixtamalization) on some functional properties of soybean flour

Ocheme, O.B., Ibrahim, B.A and James.S. ........................................................ 57

Effect of different soaking periods of chemical composition of pearl millet grains (penniselum glaucum)

Obasi, N.E. Agim, L. and Uchechkwu, N. ........................................................ 59

Effect of soy beans blending and extrusion on proximate composition of raw achextrudate sample

Anuonye, J.C. ........................................................61

Anti-nutrient content of spray dried ogi produced from a mixture of sprouted maize (Zea Mays) and lima beans (phaseolus lunatus)

Ijeomah. O.C. and Barimala, I.S. ........................................................63

Physiochemical properties of fura fortified with mango pulp flour

Onuh, J.O., Yusufu, P.A and Akpa, T.E. ........................................................65

Assessment of the physical and sensory properties of bread fortified with abattoir waste

Orishagbemi, C.O.., Berikisu, Y. Abuh, A.M........................................................ 67

Effect of added beniseed paste on the nutrient and sensory quality of kunun zaki: a millet based non alcoholic Beverage

Ayo, J.A., Onuora, O.O. and Oigiange, G. ........................................................ 69

Effect of particles size distribution on the function of properties of Mumu: A roasted maize meal

Abagu, T. B., Ingbian, E.K. and Oni, O.K. ........................................................ 71

Effect ascorbic acid: An alternative improver to potassium bromated on the quality of bread

Adepegba A.O. and Salako, O.O ........................................................ 73

Quality assessment of protein enriched Abakgu: maize based on local food

Yusuf, M.I and Danladi, Y.........................................................75

Comparative effect of sorbic acid and Afromomum danielli (spice) on bread during storage

Adebowale, O.J, Arowona, M. O and Adelani A.I. ........................................................ 77

Evaluation of the spice Afromomum danielli: substitute to sorbic acid substitute in bread production

Adebowale, O.J, Arowona, M. O and Adelani A.I........................................................ 79

Moisture sorption isotherms and storability of protein enriched Mumu

Ariahu, C.C., Amove, J. and Ingbian, E.K. ........................................................ 81

Suitability of sorghum wheat flour composite for the production of noodles

Gbenyi, D.I Idakwo, P.Y. and Nnaji, A.N. ........................................................ 83

Quality changes in protein enriched Mumu stored in different packaging material

Ingbian, E.K., Amove, J. and Ariahu, C.C. ........................................................ 85

Some selected physico-chemical characteristic of sorghum and maize based meal

Oluwole, O.B, Mayaki, O.O., Kosoko, S.B. Okafor, E.N, Adeboyejo, F.O., Adeyoju, A.O.,

Odediran, F.O, Ozumba, A.U. Elemo, G.N. and Olatunji .O........................................ 87

Quality of rice garabia as affected by addition of pearl millet flour

Mamodu, H.B. Sarah, B. and Fatima, Y.K. ........................................................ 89

Assessment of contaminant levels in some selected cereal grains

Oluwole, O.B, Mayaki, O.O., Kosoko, S.B. Okafor, E.N, Adeboyejo, F.O., Adeyoju, A.O., Odediran, F.O

Ozumba, A.U. Elemo, G.N. and Olatunji .O........................................................ 91

Fortification of umeye powder: A millet based breakfast drink

Haruna, U.S., and Hamisu, M. ........................................................ 93

Roasting time and particle size effect on the functional properties and sensory qualities of maize, beans and groundnut formulation

Sokeye, O.K. Adebowale, O.J. Abiola, A. A. ........................................................ 95

Prediction of shelf life of a formulated complementary baby food based on particles size analysis

Ifegbo, A. N. and Nwankwo, C.F. ........................................................ 97

Effect of substituting maize with tiger nut on the quality and acceptability of Dakuwa

Oladele, A.K., Ibanga, U.I and Tahir, F. ........................................................ 99

Comparative consumer acceptability, food utilization analysis of three maize varieties

Martins, J.I Jidean, I.A., Yusuf, I.Z. and Tahir. F. 101

Substituting of wheat flour with yam flour in bread making

Iwe, M.O and Amandikwa, C........................................................103

Rate of changes in some physical properties of maize during soaking

Bolaji, O.T., Awonroni, S.O., Shittu, T.A., Sanni, L.O. ........................................................ 105

Functional properties of cowpea maize flour blends

Adeboye, A.S. and Pohojaha, S.N. ........................................................ 107

Proximate composition of some pearl millet hybrids and their couscous production potential

Nkama I. Hamaker.B.C. Angarwai, I.Hassan, M.J., Diarra, M. and Bababe, B. ........................................................109

In carbohydrate digestibility of some pearl millet hybrids and couscous produced from them

Nkama I. Hamaker.B.C. Angarwai, I.Hassan, M.J., Diarra, M. and Bababe, B........................................................ 111

Production and evaluation of weaning food malted millet-soybeans blends

Essien, N.A, Gbenyi, D.I. and Yehi, Y. ........................................................113

A Comparative study of the cooking and textural properties of high fiber meals developed from whole Grain cereals

Oladunmoye, O. O., Ozumba, A.U., Faremi, T.Y., Egagah, T. and Elemo, G.N. ........................................................ 115

Effect of fiber inclusion on sensory properties of developed fruit drinks

Oladunmoye, O.O. Ozumba, A.U., Okafor, J.N.C., Egagah, T. and Elemo, G.N........................................................117

Chemical composition of rain-fed wheat varieties grown at Gembu, Nigeria

Nkama, I Bababe, B., Olabanji, O. C., Omeje, M., Bijik, E and Abubakar, F. ........................................................ 119

CHAPTER 3: GRAIN LEGUME PROCESSING AND PRODUCTS........................................................ 121

Physico-chemical parameters of oil extracted from lima beans

Abitogun, A.S and Seyifunmi, O.E ........................................................ 121

Production and evaluation of rolls using bambara groundnut (voandziea subterranean thours) flour as a filler

Obasi,N.E., Ugah,I.R. and Ucheckwu,N. ........................................................123

Effect of fermentation on the functional proprerties of caesalpinia pulcherima (pride of barbado) Seed flour

Mohammed,O.A., Adebowale.O.J and Akoja ,S.S........................................................ 125

Influence of moisture content and particles size on selected physical properties of soybeans flour

Shittu, T.A and Oguntoyinbo,S.I........................................................ 127

Effect of processing on the anti-nutritional factors of clintandra togolana (Agba) seed

Soyeke,O.K., Akoja,S.S. and Adebowale,O.J. ........................................................ 128

Effect of partially deffated soybeans flour substitution on the pasting properties of banana flour

Abiodun, A. O, Oladipo,T. S., Adepeju, J. A and Adegbite, J. A........................................................ 131

Predictive shell-life determination of soybeans supplemented fermented powdered fura

Yusufu, P., Igyor, M. A and Chinma, C. A. ........................................................ 133

Nutrient content of cooked cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) pre-soaked in various plant ash infusions

Ozoechina, B. O. ........................................................135

Effect of dihulling on the nutrient composition and the functional properties of African yam beans flour

Iyang U. E. and Abaekpe, L.P. ........................................................ 137

Optimizing the nutrient, sensory and general acceptability of baked cowpea (vigna unguiculata) meal

Ekanem. M. L Udofia, P. G., Eyen, N. O and Udoekong. N........................................................139

Proximate composition of extruded snacks from under-utilized crops fortified with vegetable protein

Okafor J.N.C., Kayode F., Elemo, G.N.Ozumba,A.U., Mayaki, V.T. and Pikuda, Y. C. ........................................................141

Milk extracted from pigeon pea (cajanus cajan) seeds

Adenekan,M.K., Akinlotan,J.V. and Odunmbaku,L.O. ........................................................ 143

Assessment of selected vitamins and mineral content of milk extracted from pigeon pea (cajanus cajan)

Adenekan,M.K., Akinlotan,J.V. and Odunmbaku,L.O. ........................................................ 145

Effect of domestic processing methods on the levels of certain anti nutrients in Blighia sapida (ackee apple) seeds

Adebowale,O.J., Sokeye,O.K., Sala’am,H.A and Abiona, H. ........................................................ 147

CHAPTER 4: STORAGE AND PROCESSING OF ROOTS AND TUBERS........................................................149

Quality evaluation of breakfast food prepared from cocoyam and cowpea blends

Akubor,P.I........................................................149

Effect of different drying methods on physical properties of cassava flour

Ajala,A.S. Adejuyitan,J.A. and Babarinde,G.O........................................................ 151

Effect of addition of Ficus exasperate (ipin) and Spondias monbin (iyeye) leaves on pasting properties of lafun

Apotiola, Z.O.Idowu,M.A., Atanda,O.O and Oguntona,C.R.B........................................................ 153

Effect of addition of Ficus extasperata (ipin) and Spondias monbin (iyeye) leaves on pasting protein

Apotiola, Z.O.Idowu,M.A., Atanda,O.O and Oguntona,C.R.B........................................................ 155

Physico-chemical properties of garri from four varieties of cassava

Ebiringa,D.C, ........................................................ 157

Chemical properties of pluerotus tuber regium

Agu,H.O. and Adidi,J.I........................................................ 159

Nutrient composition of cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) based food (Eepa)

Adetuyi,F.O and Ogundahunsi,G.A. ........................................................ 161

Influence of post harvest waxing of plantain on the amylase content of plantain starch

Adetuyi.F. O ........................................................ 163

The chemical properties of garri supplement with rice bran

Ingbian,E.K., Mbakpenew, M.M and Asogwa,I.S. ........................................................ 165

Quality traits of fufu flours processed from selected cassava mosaic disease (CMD) resistant varieties cultivated in a humid tropic zone

Etudaiye,H.A., Nwabueze, T.U., Oti,E and Sanni. L.O........................................................ 168

Production and evaluation of sweet potato drinks from elite sweet potato genotype

Omodamiro,R.M., Oti, E. Afuape, S. and Etudaiye, H. ........................................................171

Influence of sweet potato flour diastatic activity on rheological, baking and sensory wheat sweet potato composite bread characteristic

Adebowale,O.J. Idowu, M.A. and Bankole,M.O........................................................173

The potential of cassava leaf and peel meals as sources of fibre

Mayaki,O.M, Kosoko,S.B., Oluwole,O.B.Daramola,O.A. and Komolafe,A.O........................................................ 175

Effect of peeling methods on the rheological and functional properties of lafun

Odunmbaku, L.A., Akinlua, O. and Olipede,F.A........................................................177

Influence of moisture content and particles size on selected physical properties of cassava flour

Shittu,T. and Oguntoyinbo, S.L. ........................................................ 179

Yam processing: Techniques ad appraisa

Fadele,O.K., Agbaje,C.I. and Onwuegbunam,D.O........................................................ 181

Effect of processing conditions on the quality of potato products-(crisp and chips)

Bolaji,P.T., Zakari,U.M. and Makarfi,T.M........................................................ 183

Utilization of different cultivars of cocoyam in preparation of value added products

Chijioke U. Etudaiye,H.A., Omodaminro,R.M., Ezeocha,C., Ekeledo,N and Nwosu,K.I........................................................185

Microbial analysis of different garri samples (ijebu,yellow and bendel type)

Lawal,A.K. and Oyenuga,O.A........................................................ 187

Effect of soy fortification on the nutritional composition and physiological properties of yam flour

Makanjuola, O.M and Salami, M.J--------------------------------------------------------------------- 189

Comparative evaluation of the rheological, functional and sensory properties of selected tubers

Ekwu, F.C and Egwuche M.O----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 191

Evaluation of the cooking quality acceptability of a cassava variety fanaka

Diarra, M and Coulibaly, S.S------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 193

Effect of location of production on the functional and pasting properties of fufu processed from five Cassava mosaic diseases (CMD) resistant varieties

Etudaiye, H.A, Nwabueze, T.U., Sanni, L.O. and Oti E. --------------------------------------------- 195

Brown colour index of dry-yam treated with varied quantities of Abafe piliostigma thonningii and Agehu khaya ivorensis leaves

Babajide, J.M and Odede, H.A----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 199

Physiochemical properties of drum dried sweet potato breakfast food

Oke, O.V, Orishagbemi, C.O, Olopade, A.A, Oluwole, O.B, Ajibosin, I.O, Aderele, A.A

and Ozumba, A.U---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 201

Chapter 5: Fruits and Vegetable Processing---------------------------------------------------------------- 203

Breadfruit ( Artocarpus spp. Moraceae. Yor tapon): Its potentials in commercial processing and aforestation

Oresanya, M.O---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 204

The impact of waxing on the proximate composition of plantain (Musa paradisiacal)

Ogundowale, O. and Arawande, J.O------------------------------------------------------------------------- 206

Preliminary studies on the acceptability of star fruit juice

Mbaeyi, I.E and Eze, I.M----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 208

Effect of blanching and drying conditions on the moisture transfer characteristics of fluted pumpkin and spinach vegetables

Egwujeh, S.I.D, Ariahu, C.C and Onuh, J.O------------------------------------------------------------------ 210

Effect of size reduction methods on some selected chemical content of three varieties of Ewedu (Corchorus olitoious)

Akinlotan, J.V, Alasela, M.K, Elegbede, A.O and Bello, T.K---------------------------------------------- 212

Sorption isotherm of air dried pumpkin leaves at temperature of 32OC

Sobowale, S.S, Olatidoye, O.P and Garuba, B.B------------------------------------------------------------ 214

Effects of drying methods on the quality of osmotic ally dehydrated mango slices

Oke, O.V Ozubma, A.U Omoshebi, B.O Joaquim, A.A Asagbra, A.E Ogundeji, R.K and Ajuebor, R.N---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 216

Effect of chemical preservation on the shelf life of bottled watermelon juice

Bitrus, M.Y and Kazeem, F.A-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 218

Functional properties of flour from pretreated Bambara nut (Kerstingella subterranean)

Bitrus, M.Y Uhiara, N.S and Agupusi, P------------------------------------------------------------------------- 220

Effect of pretreatment and drying methods on chemical composition of bitter leaf

Oke, O.V Ozumba, A.U Joaquim, A.A Huthman, A.S Asagbra, E.N Adeboyejo, F. Daramola, O.A Okafor, E.N Oyebanji, A Elemo, G.N and Ajuebor, R.N-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 222

Sensory properties of mixed fruit juices from blends of soursop/pineapple and oil palm sap

Okafor, G.I and Ikegwu, T.M. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 224

Effect of concentration, storage and packaging materials on the physico-chemical properties and Sensory quality of sweet orange juice (Citrus Sinensis)

Shakpo, I.O Aladekoyi, G and Arawande, J.O------------------------------------------------------------------- 226

Extraction and Evaluation of Food Fiber from Fluted Pumpkin Pod

Barber, L.I Kabari, D.B Owuno, F and Worgu, E---------------------------------------------------------------- 228

Shelf-stability of ‘Home made” tomato puree as influenced by citric acid

Onigbogi, O and Ayanniyi, A----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 230

Influence of pretreatment and dehydration on mineral content of dehydrated bitter leaf

Oke, O.V Ozumba, A.U Joaquim, A.A Huthman, A.S Asagbra, E.N Adeboyejo, F. Daramola, O.A Okafor, E.N Oyebanji, A Elemo, G.N and Ajuebor, R.N---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 232

Sensory Evaluation of bitter leaf (Vermonia amygdalinia) tea products

Okafor, G.I and Odo, A.M.S----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 234

Effects on processing methods on the proximate composition of herbal teas from bitter leaf (Vermonia amygdalinia)

Okafor, G.I and Odo, A.M.S----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 236

Evaluation of the effects of dehydration on Nigerian carrots, stringed beans and green peas

Oke, O.V Ozumba, A.U Joaquim, A.A Huthman, A.S Asagbra, E.N Adeboyejo, F. Daramola, O.A Okafor, E.N Oyebanji, A Elemo, G.N and Ajuebor, R.N--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 238

Effects of processing methods on chemical composition of selected non conventional leafy vegetables

Olatidoye, O.P and Sobowale, S.S--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 240

Readily utilizable proteins and soluble sugar levels during the fermentation of some indigenous melon varieties in the leaves of Musa spp., Thaumatococcus danielli and Carica papaya

Onawole, O.O Asagbra, E.N Akinola, S.O and Olatunji, O.O----------------------------------------------- 242

Effects of blanching time on the anti-nutrients in Solanum nigrum, a neglected leafy vegetable

Adebowale, O.J Noah, A.A and Salam, H.A--------------------------------------------------------------------- 244

The effect of different drying methods fruit juices as affected by different preservation methods

Hamisu, M Haruna, U.S Anegba, P.O and Onimisi, A.M.J--------------------------------------------------- 246

Quality assessment of three tropical fruit juices as affected by different preservation methods

Atuonwu, A.C Onwuka, G.I and Agunanne, A.I----------------------------------------------------------------- 248

Chemical composition of three traditional leafy vegetables in Nigeria

Abiodun, A.O Adepoju, A.B and Oladipo, T.S-------------------------------------------------------------------- 250

Antioxidant capacity of tomato pulp blends increased storage

Oludemi, F.O and Akanbi, C.T---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 252

Micro-nutrients and fatty acid components of two star apples, C.albidum and C.canito seeds: Preliminaries

Nzelu, I.C------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 254

Chemical and micro-nutrients properties of 2 garden eggs indigenous to the south eastern states of Nigeria

Nzelu, I.C------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 256

Proximate and mineral composition of four cucurbit seeds

Abiodun, A.O Odedeji, J.O and Olosunde, O.O------------------------------------------------------------------ 258

Comparative effects of different processing methods on the phyto-chemical content of onugbu (Vermonia amygdalinia) and utazi (Gongronema latifolium) leaves

Obeta, N.A Onweluzo, J.C and Omeje, E.O----------------------------------------------------------------------- 260

Studies on the addition of hydrocolloid to tomato-carrot juices blend

Akanbi, C.T and Nwaokoro, O.G------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 262

Chemical composition and nutritional value of Vitex glandifolia fruits

Abitogun, A.S and Arawande, J.O---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 265

CHAPTER 6: MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY........................................................267

Antibacterial assessment of crude oil from akee apple seeds on selected bacterial strains

Ibrahim, T.A., Adetuyi, F.O., Dada, I.O., Oloyede, A.R and Iyabo, O. ........................................................268

Weather effect on the microbial spoilage of exposed bread in Ikorodu metropolis

Ojo. J.A.S. ........................................................270

Microbiological examination of milk from cows under traditional management practices

With special reference to coli forms

Adeshina, K., Ipinmoroti, K.O and Ajayi, O.O........................................................ 272

Benefits and potential probiotic food vehicles in Nigeria

Tersoo-Abiem., E.M., Abu.J.O and Igyor, M.A........................................................274

Isolation and identification of micro organisms associated with the skins, gills and intestine of cat fish (clarias gariepinus) sold in the three markets in Lagos mainland

Oyenuga, A.O., Lawal, A.K. and Ojei, E. ........................................................ 276

Performance evaluation of saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from palm (Elaesis Guineensis) Wine at different proofing temperatures of bread dough

Amadi, E.C........................................................278

Microbiology and some physiochemical characteristics of cocoa fermentation in Nigeria

Teniola, O.D., Dike.N.O. Olubamiwa, O., Akinola, S.O and Olatunji, O. ........................................................280

Isolation and identification of amylolytic bacilli from cassava dumpsite in different cassava processing location

Lawal, A.K., Oyenuga, A.O.Sanni, O.A.and Alebiosu, FA........................................................ 282

Microbiological qualities of some food products developed from rosella calyx

Mordi, J.I., Onyibe, Ozumba, A.U., Elemo.G.N, Olatunji,O. and Etoamaihe,M........................................................ 284

Improving bacteriological quality of akamu preparation and handling

Dashen, M.M., Egbere, O.J., Zakari, H.and Zitgwai, G........................................................ 286

Effects of formulated feeds on birds using local fowl (Gallus gallus) as a case study

Shobo, A.O., Ajayi J.O.Afuape, A.O, Taiwo, A.G. and Koleoso, O.K........................................................ 288

Microbial analysis of different garri samples (ijebu, yellow and Bendel types)

Lawal, A.K., Oyenuga, A.O........................................................ 290

Biodegradable food packaging: An alternative for Nigerian food industries

Chinma, C.E., Ariahu. C.C., Alakali, J.S. Nkpa, N.N. and Oloyede.O.O ........................................................ 292

Development of probiotic mageu: a Preliminary study of the organic volatiles using gas chromatography

Abu, J.O and Joose, P.J........................................................294

Purification of oil palm and raffia palm wine yeast for use as starter culture for wine production

Ukwuru, M.U. and Nnadi, C.E........................................................296

Microbial and sensory evaluation of fermented and non fermented powdered soy fura

Yusufu, PA. And Egwujeh, S.I.D........................................................298

Effect of some biogenic waste on the biogas energy production from jatropha leaf

(Physic nut leaf) and tender stalk

Uzodinma, E.O., Enwere. N.J., and onwuka, N.D........................................................300

Use of spent mushroom compost for the cultivation of pleurotus pulmonarius an oyster mushroom

Ayakorah, C.I., Akinola, S.O andDike.E.N........................................................302

Biogas fuel production from cabbage (Brassica oleoracea) leaf and carrot (Duncus carota) stalk and leaf waste

Uzodinma, E.O., Enwere.N.J. And onwuka, N.D........................................................ 304

Extraction of cellulose from corn cob using sodium hydroxide and sodium hypo chloride

Uzomba, N.I., Akumefula, M.I., Odu, D.A Ali.B., and Eburu, C.P........................................................ 306

CHAPTER 7: NUTRITION........................................................ 308

Does Moringa oleifera have a role in preventing and managing malnutrition in Nigeria?

Carew. Abu, J.O and Gerna, D.I........................................................309

Function food Nutriceuticals and Health

Gernah, D.I. and Tersoo-Abiem, E.M........................................................ 311

Deitary pattern of pregnant women in Anambra state

Umaru, H.A. and Addy.E.O........................................................ 313

CHAPTER 8: OIL SEEDS AND NUTS 315

Antioxidative effect of citric acids on storage stability of refined soya beans oil

Arawande, J.O. and Abitogun, A.S........................................................317

Fatty acids composition of oils extracted from three varieties of sesame seeds

Omosuli, S, V., Ibrahim, T.A., Oloye, D.A., and Agbaje, R.B........................................................ 319

Effect of different storage conditions of some quality properties of crude palm oil

Arawande, J.O and Komolafe, E.A........................................................ 321

Effect of temperature on peroxidase from oil beans seed

Chukwudebelu, J.A and Chikala, F.C........................................................ 323

Effect of fermentation on the functional properties of caesalpina pulcherima (pride of Barbados) seed flour

Mohammed, A.O., Adebowale, O.J and Akoja, S.S........................................................ 325

Frying performance of palm oil obtained by traditional technique

Okogeri, O., Mgbebu, P.O. and Akpa, C.T. ........................................................ 327

Extraction and shelf stability assessment of moringa oil

Adeboye, A.S. and Olayemi, S.C. ........................................................329

Shelf life of partially defatted dikanut (Irvingia gabonensis) flour

Omoniyi, S.A. Idowu, M.A. Henshaw, F.O. and Olayiwola I.O.........................................................331

Sensory qualities of ogbono soup prepared from partially defatted (Irvingia gabonensis) flour

Omoniyi, S.A. Idowu, M.A. Henshaw, F.O. and Olayiwola I.O. ........................................................ 333

Effect of fermentation on the ant nutritional factors in melon seeds varieties (Citrullus vulgaris)

Odunmbaku, L.A., Adenekan, M.K. and Elegbede, A.O........................................................ 335

Effect of local processing methods on the quality of palm oil

Ezigbo, V.U and Obasi, N.E. ........................................................337

Comparison of the physical and chemical properties of the nut and oil of two varieties of tiger nut (Cyprus esculentus)

Arubi, P.A. ........................................................339

Production and evaluation of baking potentials of breadnut (Artocarpus camanis) seed flour

Uchechukwu, , N and David, C.G. ........................................................341

Production and shelf- life studies on packaged egusi soup

Uhiara, N.S., Iheanacho, I.O., Ndife, J and Bitrus, Y. ........................................................ 343

Models of predicting sorption behavior of guna (Citrulus ranatus) seeds

Abubakar, U.M. and Nkama, I. ........................................................344

CHAPTER 9: WATER, ENGINEERING DESIGN AND MISCELLANEOUS PAPER 347

Optimizing processing conditions during deep fat frying of sweet potato chips using box Behnken design

Sobukola, O. P. and Tokun, T. O. ........................................................348

Optimization of physical and sensory attributes of locally produced palm oil by Rotatable Central Composite Design (RCCD) of Response Surface Analysis (RSM)

Udofia, P. G., Udoudoh, P. J., Udoekong, N. and Eyen, N. O. ........................................................350

Design, fabrication and performance evaluation of soy-garri mixing machine

Oni, O. K., Alakali, J. S. and Ibrahim, J. S. ........................................................352

Effects of processing methods on the quality of onion products

Bolaji, P. T., Zakari, U. M. and Markafi, T. M. ........................................................354

Critical control points in the production of ogiri from melon seeds

Asagbara, A. E., Onawola, O. O. and Akinola, S. O. ........................................................356

Sensory evaluation of ogiri in soups made from two varities of melon seeds (Cucymis melo B and Cucumeropsis manii C) using the hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP) method.

Asagbara, A. E., Onawola, O. O., Okafor, J. W. C. and Olatunji, O. O. ........................................................358

Comparative studies on the physiochemical properties of three Brachystegia spp

Ikegwu, O. J., Egbedike, C. N., Ode Umoke, C. and Nwobashi, V. N. ........................................................360

Effects of processing methods on the chemical, functional and rheological properties of Brachystegia Eurycoma (achi) flour

Ikegwu, O. J., Egbedike, C. N., Oledinma, N. U. and Chiaha, C. N. ........................................................362

Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract on dietary cholesterol in egg

Oguntoyinbo, S. I., Adeyemi, A. A., Bello, T. K. and Oguntoyinbo, Y. G. ........................................................364

Effect of cooking time on the chemical composition of mucuna-egusi soup

Asogwa,I. S. and Onweluzo, J. C. ........................................................366

Effect of lime soaking and cooking (nixtamalization) on some functional properties of Bambara groundnut flour

Ocheme,O. B. Ibrahim, B. A. and James, S. ........................................................368

Production, nutitional quality and sensory evaluation of mbunja sira (a local condiment)

Maigari, F. M. ........................................................370

Development and evaluation of turmeric ginger based pineapple drinks and food flavorings

Ekeledo, E. N., Omodamiro, R. M. and Oti, E. ........................................................372

Effects of fermentation on seed proteins of Diolea reflexa (Agbaarin/ Ukpo) beans

Sokoye, O. K., Adebowale, O. J. and Noah, A. A. ........................................................374

Organoleptic properties and acceptability of Nigerian egusi soup mix

Okafor, J. N. C., Etoamaihe, M., Pikuda, Y. C. and Olonode, V. T. ........................................................376

Effects of temperature, time variations and moisture on the vitamin C content of some local varieties of pepper (Capsicum spp)

Ndife, J. K. and Afiniki, D. ........................................................378

Quality evaluation of three water sources used in north bank area of Makurdi town

Ikya, J. K.and Gernah, D. I. ........................................................380

Physiochemical properties of some sachet water produced in Minna metropolis, Niger state

Ibrahim, B. A. and James, S......................................................... 382

Energy requirement for cracking almond nut

Adesina, B. S. and Bolaji, O. T. ........................................................384

Effects of roasting temperatures on the rate of extraction and quality of locally processed peanut oil

Makeri, M. U. and Bagire, S. Y. ........................................................386

Microbiological hazards associated with coconut candy preparation for a child with diarhoea in a household in Zaria

Asuke, U. A., Umoh, V. J. and Whong, C. M. Z. ........................................................388